Origin Story
Say "ketchup" today and everyone pictures a red tomato sauce. Yet ketchup's beginnings had nothing to do with tomatoes at all. In the Fujian region of southern China there was a fermented brine made by salting fish, known in the local dialect as kê-tsiap — much like the liquid from Korean salted seafood. This condiment spread along the Southeast Asian trade routes to the Malay Peninsula, and in the 17th century British merchants brought the taste home. In Britain, people made a similar sauce using mushrooms or walnuts instead of fish, calling it catchup or ketchup. Tomatoes did not enter the picture until the 19th century, in America.
Ketchup became firmly identified with tomato sauce in America largely thanks to Henry Heinz, who commercialized tomato ketchup in 1876. Until then, ketchup came in many varieties — mushroom ketchup, oyster ketchup, and more.
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Online Etymology Dictionaryketchup (n.): 1711, from Malay (Austronesian) kichap, from Chinese (Amoy dialect) koechiap "brine of fish"
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Merriam-Webster Dictionaryketchup: probably from Malay kecap fish sauce, modification of Chinese (Amoy dialect) ke-tsiap
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Oxford English Dictionaryketchup: originally a sauce from the East Indies, of uncertain ultimate origin, perhaps from Chinese dialect
Word Evolution
Words from the Same Root
Memory Hook
Remember that ketchup was originally "fish brine." The red tomato was the very last guest to arrive.
""The roots of the most American of sauces lie in a jar of fish brine in some Chinese harbor.""